All Issue

2020 Vol.36, Issue 1 Preview Page

Research Article

Analysis of Improved Shear Stiffness and Strength for Sandy Soils Treated by EICP

EICP 방법으로 처리된 사질토의 전단 강성도 및 강도 증가 분석

Jun Young Song1
,
Seong Jun Ha2
,
Jae Won Jang3
,
Tae Sup Yun4*
송 준영1
,
하 성준2
,
장 재원3
,
윤 태섭4*
1Master Degree, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engrg., Yonsei Univ.
2Member, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engrg., Yonsei Univ.
3Member, Prof., Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engrg., Hanyang Univ.
4Member, Prof., Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engrg., Yonsei Univ.
1비회원, 연세대학교 건설환경공학과 석사졸업
2정회원, 연세대학교 건설환경공학과 박사과정
3정회원, 한양대학교 건설환경공학과 교수
4정회원, 연세대학교 건설환경공학과 교수
* Corresponding Author
31 January 2020. pp. 17-28
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

본 연구는 효소에 의한 요소 분해를 통해 생성되는 탄산칼슘 침전(EICP)을 지반 내에 유도했을 때의 지반개량 효과를 실내실험으로 분석하였다. 먼저, EICP 용액의 최적 혼합비를 결정하기 위하여 용액 주 재료인 요소, 염화칼슘, 우레아제 농도를 달리했을 때 생성된 탄산칼슘 양을 비교하였다. 다음으로, 산정된 최적 혼합비의 EICP 용액으로 처리된 사질토의 전단 강성도 및 강도를 전단파 속도 측정과 삼축압축시험을 통해 평가하였다. 전단파 속도 측정은 EICP 반응 시간 동안 수행되었으며, 이를 통해 탄산칼슘 침전에 따른 전단 강성도의 발달을 확인할 수 있었다. 삼축압축시험은 압밀배수조건에서 EICP 처리된 시료 그리고 처리되지 않은 시료에 대하여 수행되어, 최종적으로 마찰각 및 점착력을 비교하였다. 마지막으로 X-ray CT 및 SEM 촬영을 통하여 EICP 처리된 시료 내의 탄산칼슘을 시각적으로 조사하였다. 실험 결과, EICP 반응 시작 후 6시간이 지나면 처리된 시료의 전단 강성도는 처리되지 않은 시료에 비하여 19~31배 증가하였다. 또한 EICP 반응에 의해 생성되는 탄산칼슘의 양이 증가할수록 점착력은 증가하는 반면 마찰각은 감소하는 경향을 관찰하였다.

This study presents the experimental results of ground improvement efficiency induced by enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) in soils. First, the optimal mixture ratio of EICP solution was determined by comparing the amount of induced carbonate depending on the different ratio among urea, CaCl2, and urease. Next, we evaluated the shear stiffness and strength of EICP-treated sandy soil by performing shear wave velocity measurement and triaxial shear test. Furthermore, induced carbonate in treated soil was visually investigated by X-ray CT and SEM analysis. The results showed that the maximum shear stiffness evolved 19~30 times after 6 hours of reaction time compared with non-treated sands. Also, the cohesion and the friction angle tended to increase and decrease, respectively, as the amount of induced carbonate increased.

Keywords
EICP
Friction angle
Shear wave velocity
Strength
Urease

References
1
Chang, I., Prasidhi, A. K., Im, J., and Cho, G. C. (2015), "Soil Strengthening Using Thermo-gelation Biopolymers", Construction and Building Materials, Vol.77, pp.430-438.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.116
2
Cheng, L., Cord-Ruwisch, R., and Shahin, M. A. (2013), "Cementation of Sand Soil by Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation at Various Degrees of Saturation", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol.50, No.1, pp.81-90.
10.1139/cgj-2012-0023
3
Cui, M. J., Zheng, J. J., Zhang, R. J., Lai, H. J., and Zhang, J. (2017), "Influence of Cementation Level on the Strength behaviour of Bio-cemented Sand", Acta Geotechnica, Vol.12, No.5, pp.971-986.
10.1007/s11440-017-0574-9
4
DeJong, J. T., Fritzges, M. B., and Nüsslein, K. (2006), "Microbially Induced Cementation to Control Sand Response to Undrained Shear", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.132, No.11, pp.1381-1392.
10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:11(1381)
5
Feng, K. and Montoya, B. (2015), "Influence of Confinement and Cementation Level on the behavior of Microbial-induced Calcite Precipitated Sands under Monotonic Drained Loading", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.142, No.1, pp.04015057.
10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001379
6
Gao, Y., Hang, L., He, J., and Chu, J. (2019), "Mechanical behaviour of Biocemented Sands at Various Treatment Levels and Relative Densities", Acta Geotechnica, Vol.14, No.3, pp.697-707.
10.1007/s11440-018-0729-3
7
Hamdan, N. and Kavazanjian Jr, E. (2016), "Enzyme-induced Carbonate Mineral Precipitation for Fugitive Dust Control", Géotechnique, Vol.66, No.7, pp.546-555.
10.1680/jgeot.15.P.168
8
Kalantary, F. and Kahani, M. (2019), "Optimization of the Biological Soil Improvement Procedure", International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol.16, No.8, pp.4231-4240.
10.1007/s13762-018-1821-9
9
Karol, R. H. (2003), "Chemical grouting and soil stabilization, revised and expanded", Crc Press.
10.1201/9780203911815
10
Knorr, B. (2014), "Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation for the mitigation of fugitive dust", Master Thesis, Arizona State University.
11
Lade, P. V. and Overton, D. D. (1989), "Cementation Effects in Frictional Materials", Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol.115, No.10, pp.1373-1387.
10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1989)115:10(1373)
12
Lee, J. S. and Santamarina, J. C. (2005), "Bender Elements: Performance and Signal Interpretation", Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, Vol.131, No.9, pp.1063-1070.
10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:9(1063)
13
Lin, H., Suleiman, M. T., Brown, D. G., and Kavazanjian Jr, E. (2015), "Mechanical behavior of Sands Treated by Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.142, No.2, pp.04015066.
10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001383
14
Lockner, D., Byerlee, J., Kuksenko, V., Ponomarev, A., and Sidorin, A. (1991), "Quasi-static Fault Growth and Shear Fracture Energy in Granite", Nature, Vol.350, No.6313, pp.39.
10.1038/350039a0
15
Neupane, D., Yasuhara, H., Kinoshita, N., and Unno, T. (2013), "Applicability of Enzymatic Calcium Carbonate Precipitation as a Soil-strengthening Technique", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.139, No.12, pp.2201-2211.
10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000959
16
Sherwood, P. (1993). "Soil stabilization with cement and lime", H.M. Stationery Office.
17
Shi, C., Jiménez, A. F., and Palomo, A. (2011), "New Cements for the 21st Century: The Pursuit of an Alternative to Portland Cement", Cement and concrete research, Vol.41, No.7, pp.750-763.
10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.03.016
18
Song, J. Y. (2019), "Evaluation of shear strength and stiffness in soils stabilized by enzyme induced carbonate precipitation", Master Thesis, Yonsei University.
19
Song, J. Y., Ha, S. J., Sim, Y., Jin, K. N., and Yun, T. S. (2019), "Fine Dust Suppression by Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation: Indoor Experiment and Field Application", Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.29, No.12, pp.11-24.
20
Van Paassen, L. A., Daza, C. M., Staal, M., Sorokin, D. Y., van der Zon, W., and van Loosdrecht, M. C. (2010), "Potential Soil Reinforcement by Biological Denitrification", Ecological Engineering, Vol.35, No.10, pp.67-78.
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.03.026
21
Whiffin, V. S., van Paassen, L. A., and Harkes, M. P. (2007), "Microbial Carbonate Precipitation as a Soil Improvement Technique", Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol.24, No.5, pp.417-423.
10.1080/01490450701436505
22
Wong, T. F. (1982), "Micromechanics of faulting in Westerly granite", International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences & geomechanics abstracts, Vol.19, No.2, pp.49-64.
10.1016/0148-9062(82)91631-X
23
Yang, J. and Luo, X. (2018), "The critical state friction angle of granular materials: does it depend on grading?", Acta Geotechnica, Vol.13, No.3, pp.535-547.
10.1007/s11440-017-0581-x
24
Zhu, T. and Dittrich, M. (2016), "Carbonate precipitation through microbial activities in natural environment, and their potential in biotechnology: a review", Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, Vol.4, pp.4.
10.3389/fbioe.2016.0000426835451PMC4718973
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 36
  • No :1
  • Pages :17-28
  • Received Date : 2019-11-11
  • Revised Date : 2020-01-10
  • Accepted Date : 2020-01-16
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2020.36.1.17
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
Archives
: Vol.23~28 (2007~2012)
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close