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A Study on Sand Cementation and its Early-Strength Using Blast Furnace Slag and Alkaline Activators

고로슬래그와 알칼리 활성화제를 이용한 모래 고결 및 조기강도에 관한 연구

Sung-Sik Park1*
,
Sun-Gyu Choi2
박 성식1*
,
최 선규2
1Assistant Prof., Dept. of Civil Engrg., Kyungpook National Univ.
2Graduate student, Dept. of Civil Engrg., Kyungpook National Univ.
1경북대학교 건축토목공학부 토목공학전공 조교수
2경북대학교 건축토목공학부 토목공학전공 박사과정
*교신저자. *Corresponding Author. 
30 April 2013. pp. 45-56
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Abstract

In this study, a blast furnace slag with latent hydraulic property is used to cement granular soils without using Portland cement. When the blast furnace slag reacts with an alkaline activator, it can cement soils. The effect of amounts of blast furnace slag and types of alkaline activator on soil strength was investigated for resource recycling. Four different amounts of slag and six different activators (two naturals and four chemicals) were used for preparing specimens. The specimens were air-cured for 3 or 7 days and then tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS). The UCS of cemented sand with slag increased, in the order of specimens mixed with potassium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Chemical alkaline activator was better than natural alkaline activator. The maximum UCS of 3-days cured specimens was 3 MPa for 16% of slag with potassium hydroxide, which corresponded to 37% of one with 16% of high-early strength portland cement. As the amount of slag increased, the UCS and dry density of a specimen increased for all alkaline activator cases. As the curing time increased from 3 days to 7 days, the UCS increased up to 97%. C-S-H hydrates were found in the cemented specimens from XRD analyses. Cement hydrates were more generated with increasing amount of slag and they surrounded sand particles, which resulted in higher density.

Keywords
Blast furnace slag
Alkaline activator
Sand
Unconfined compressive strength

본 연구에서는 자원 재활용을 위해 시멘트를 전혀 사용하지 않고 잠재 수경성을 지닌 고로슬래그를 이용하여 사질토를 고결시키고자 하였다. 알칼리 활성화제에 의해 경화되는 고로슬래그의 함유량과 알칼리 활성화제의 종류를 달리하여 이들이 사질토의 조기강도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 고로슬래그의 함유량을 사질토의 4, 8, 12, 16%로 하고 여섯 종류(두 종류의 천연재료, 네 종류의 화학약품)의 알칼리 활성화제를 사용하여 공시체를 제작하였다. 제작한 공시체는 3일 또는 7일 동안 대기중 양생한 다음 일축압축강도시험을 실시하였다. 알칼리 활성화제 종류에 따른 일축압축강도는 탄산칼륨, 수산화칼슘, 수산화나트륨, 수산화칼륨 순으로 높게 측정되었으며, 동일한 성분을 가진 천연재료보다 화학약품을 사용한 공시체의 일축압축강도가 높게 나타났다. 3일 양생한 공시체 중 최대 일축압축강도가 발현된 것은 16%의 고로슬래그에 수산화칼륨을 사용한 경우로 3MPa 정도의 강도가 측정되었으며, 이는 초속경시멘트 16%를 사용한 공시체 강도의 37%에 해당된다. 알칼리 활성화제 종류에 관계없이 고로슬래그 함유량이 증가함에 따라 건조밀도가 증가하면서 일축압축강도도 증가하였으며, 양생기간이 3일에서 7일로 증가함에 따라 최대 97%의 강도 증가가 발생하였다. 고결된 모래의 XRD 분석 결과 C-S-H 화합물이 생성되었으며, SEM 분석 결과에서는 고로슬래그 함유량이 증가할수록 생성되는 수화물도 증가하여 모래 입자를 에워싸는 형태를 보였다.

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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 29
  • No :4
  • Pages :45-56
  • Received Date : 2012-12-21
  • Accepted Date : 2013-04-01
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2013.29.4.45
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