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2025 Vol.41, Issue 6 Preview Page
Urban Seismic Interferometry Enhanced by In-line Source Selection Using MUSIC Beamforming

도심지 교차상관 탄성파 간섭법 적용을 위한 MUSIC 빔포밍 기반 인라인 소스 선택 기법 연구

Seon-Ho Hwang1
,
Chang-Ho Shin2
,
Taeseo Ku3*
황 선호1
,
신 창호2
,
구 태서3*
1Member, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Konkuk Univ.
2Member, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Konkuk Univ.
3Member, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Konkuk Univ.
1정회원, 건국대학교 사회환경공학부 석사과정
2정회원, 건국대학교 사회환경공학부 석사과
3정회원, 건국대학교 사회환경공학부 부교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 131-139
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Abstract

Urban traffic noise is highly heterogeneous and nonstationary, which causes conventional stacking-based cross-correlation seismic interferometry to introduce discontinuities and bias into the frequency–phase velocity spectrum. We propose a methodological framework that estimates frequency-dependent directions of arrival using Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) beamforming, selects the in-line sector aligned with the array axis, and reconstructs a directionally filtered wavefield via the inverse short-time Fourier transform. Using field data from Sori Park in Seoul, we compared the proposed method with multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and conventional cross-correlation seismic interferometry. The proposed approach eliminated dispersion-curve discontinuities and yielded the most accurate estimates of bedrock depth (14.4 m) and bedrock velocity (1,302 m/s). By contrast, MASW (15.6 m, 783 m/s) and conventional cross-correlation seismic interferometry (11.2 m, 1,371 m/s) produced larger depth errors or underestimated velocity. These field results indicate enhanced low-frequency recoverability and improved azimuthal coherence, demonstrating that MUSIC-based in-line source selection can substantially enhance the accuracy of bedrock detection urban environments.

Keywords
Bedrock depth
Cross-correlation
Multiple Signal Classification beamforming
Surface wave
Traffic noise

도심 교통잡음(상시미동)은 불균등성과 비정상성이 강해, 이를 단순 적층(stacking)에 기반한 교차상관 탄성파 간섭법에 적용할 경우 주파수-위상속도 스펙트럼(Frequency - phase velocity spectrum)의 불연속과 편향을 유발한다. 본 연구는 Multiple Signal Classification(MUSIC) 빔포밍을 이용해 주파수별 도래각(Direction of arrival, DOA)을 추정하고, 배열축과 정렬된(in-line) 섹터만 선택한 뒤 역 단시간 푸리에 변환(Inverse Short-Time Fourier Transform, ISTFT)으로 방향성 필터링 파동장을 재구성하는 개념적 절차를 제안한다. 서울 소리공원에서 제안 기법, MASW, 기존 교차상관 탄성파 간섭법을 비교한 결과, 제안 기법이 분산곡선의 불연속성을 해결하고 역산된 기반암 심도(14.4 m) 및 속도(1,302 m/s) 추정에서 가장 높은 정확도를 보였다. 반면 MASW(15.6 m, 783 m/s)와 기존 교차상관 탄성파 간섭법(11.2 m, 1,371 m/s)은 기반암 심도 예측 오차가 크거나 속도를 과소평가하였다. 이는 현장 적용 결과, 저주파 재현성과 방위의 일관성이 향상되어 MUSIC 기반 인라인 소스선택이 도심 환경 기반암 탐지 정확도를 크게 향상시킴을 입증한다.

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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 41
  • No :6
  • Pages :131-139
  • Received Date : 2025-11-11
  • Revised Date : 2025-11-26
  • Accepted Date : 2025-11-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2025.41.6.131
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