All Issue

2026 Vol.42, Issue 1 Preview Page
Analysis of Particle Loss in Granular Soils According to Flow Velocity Due to Internal Erosion

지반 내 유속에 따른 내부침식 기반 유실 입자량 분석

Haeju Do1
,
Tae-Min Oh2*
,
Dong-Woo Ryu3
도 해주1
,
오 태민2*
,
류 동우3
1Member, Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National Univ.
2Member, Associate Prof., Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National Univ.
3Principal Researcher, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
1정회원, 부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과 박사과정
2정회원, 부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과 부교수
3비회원, 한국지질자원연구원 지질자원융합지식본부 지질자원AI융합연구실 책임연구원
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2026. pp. 45-55
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

In recent years, the frequency of ground subsidence incidents resulting in human casualties has increased, leading to heightened societal and academic attention to the mechanisms underlying such phenomena. Despite this growing interest, previous studies have primarily employed numerical simulations or small-scale model tests, which have inherent limitations in realistically reproducing field conditions. Notably, the physical characteristics of the ground, particularly the particle size distribution and the velocity of infiltrating water, have been identified as critical factors influencing internal erosion mechanisms. This study quantitatively evaluates soil particle loss under varying fine content and hydraulic velocities through a series of controlled laboratory-scale internal erosion experiments. The results demonstrate that as flow velocity increases, both fine and coarse particles exhibit a corresponding increase in discharge quantity. Moreover, the sensitivity of particle loss to changes in velocity varies depending on the fine content of the specimen. The experimental apparatus and findings presented in this study are expected to provide a foundational basis for the quantitative assessment of internal erosion mechanisms and contribute to the development of predictive models and mitigation strategies for subsurface instability.

Keywords
Fine particle content
Flow velocity
Internal erosion
Particle size distribution
Soil erosion

최근 지반함몰로 인한 인명 피해의 잦은 노출로 인해 지반함몰 현상 및 내부침식 현상의 발생 메커니즘에 대한 관심과 연구 수요가 증대되고 있다. 관련 선행 연구 대부분이 수치해석을 기반으로 하거나 소규모의 모형실험이 대부분인 실정이다. 한편, 내부침식 발생에는 지반의 물리적 특성이 중요한 인자로 작용한다. 특히, 지반의 입도와 지반을 통과하는 물의 유속은 내부침식의 메커니즘과 밀접한 상관관계를 가진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실험실 규모의 내부침식 모사 실험을 통해 지반 입도(작은 입자 함량)와 물의 유속에 따른 지반 입자 유출량을 분석하여 내부침식 현상을 정량적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 실험 결과, 유속이 증가할수록 작은 입자 및 큰 입자의 유출량이 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 작은 입자의 함량에 따라 유속에 대한 유출 민감도 차이를 보였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 실험 장치와 결과는 지반 내부침식 메커니즘의 정량적 해석과 피해 예측, 그리고 향후 방지 대책 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

References
1

Dastpak, P., Sousa, R. L., and Dias, D. (2023), “Soil Erosion due to Defective Pipes: A Hidden Hazard Beneath Our Feet”, Sustainability, Vol.15, No.11, 8931, https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118931.

10.3390/su15118931
2

Guo, J., Zhang, Y., Cheng, Y., Zhang, X., Shi, H., Zheng, J., and Ma, Y. (2025), “Study on Urban Ground Collapse Induced by Defective Pipelines based on Physical Model Experiments and Numerical Simulation”, Scientific Reports, Vol.15, No.1, 6085, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90146-5.

10.1038/s41598-025-90146-539971999PMC11840151
3

Han, Y. (2018), “Proposal of the Development Direction on the Special Act on Underground Safety Management for Preparation of the Proactive Underground Safety Management System”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.34, No.7, pp.17-27, https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2018.34.7.17.

10.7843/kgs.2018.34.7.17
4

Intrieri, E., Fontanelli, K., Bardi, F., Marini, F., Carlà, T., Pazzi, V., ... and Fanti, R. (2018), “Definition of Sinkhole Triggers and Susceptibility based on Hydrogeomorphological Analyses”, Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol.77, No.1, 4, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-7179-3.

10.1007/s12665-017-7179-3
5

Lee, K., Nam, J., Park, J., and Hong, G. (2022), “Numerical Analysis of Factors Influencing the Ground Surface Settlement above a Cavity”, Materials, Vol.15, No.23, 8301, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238301.

10.3390/ma1523830136499798PMC9738637
6

Liang, L., Tian, D. L., and Li, Z. C. (2024), “Internal Erosion Process and its Influence Factors in Widely Graded Loose Soils due to Rainfall Infiltration”, Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol.12, 1418293, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2024.1418293.

10.3389/feart.2024.1418293
7

Neuman, S. P. (1977), “Theoretical Derivation of Darcy’s law”, Acta Mechanica, Vol.25, No.3, pp.153-170, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01376989.

10.1007/BF01376989
8

Nicot, F. (2013), Erosion in Geomechanics Applied to Dams and Levees, http://doi.org/10.1002/9781118577165.

10.1002/9781118577165
9

Santamarina, J. C., Klein, A., and Fam, M. A. (2001), “Soils and Waves: Particulate Materials behavior, Characterization and Process Monitoring”, Journal of Soils and Sediments, Vol.1, No.2, pp.130-130, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987719.

10.1007/BF02987719
10

Sato, M. and Kuwano, R. (2015), “Influence of Location of Subsurface Structures on Development of Underground Cavities Induced by Internal Erosion”, Soils and Foundations, Vol.55, No.4, pp.829-840, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2015.06.014.

10.1016/j.sandf.2015.06.014
11

Shire, T. and O’sullivan, C. (2013), “Micromechanical Assessment of an Internal Stability Criterion”, Acta Geotechnica, Vol.8, No.1, pp.81-90, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-012-0176-5.

10.1007/s11440-012-0176-5
12

Song, S., Kim, H., Park, D., Kang, J., and Choi, C. (2016), “Assessment of Impact-echo Method for Cavity Detection in Dorsal Side of Sewer Pipe”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.32, No.8, pp.5-14, https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2016.32.8.5.

10.7843/kgs.2016.32.8.5
13

Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., and Mesri, G. (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John wiley & sons.

14

Wan, S., Pan, H., Luo, G., and Peng, S. (2025), “Experimental Study on the Impact of Water Flow Velocity on Internal Erosion of Granite Residual Soil”, Scientific Reports, Vol.15, No.1, 28469, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06012-x.

10.1038/s41598-025-06012-x40759897PMC12322035
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 42
  • No :1
  • Pages :45-55
  • Received Date : 2025-12-24
  • Revised Date : 2026-01-13
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-15
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2026.42.1.45
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
Archives
: Vol.23~28 (2007~2012)
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close