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2026 Vol.42, Issue 1 Preview Page
Dynamic Numerical Analysis and Behavior Assessment of Trenchless Tunnel Structures

비개착식 터널 구조물의 동적 수치해석 및 거동 분석

Dongha Baek1†
,
Byeong-Soo Yoo2†
,
Seokjung Kim3
,
Mintaek Yoo4*
백 동하1†
,
유 병수2†
,
김 석중3
,
유 민택4*
1Member, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Environmental Engineering, Gachon Univ.
2Member, Post-Doctoral Researcher, Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
3Member, Senior Researcher, Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
4Member, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Civil Environmental Engineering, Gachon Univ.
1정회원, 가천대학교 토목환경공학과 석사과정
2정회원, 한국건설기술연구원 지반연구본부 박사후연구원
3정회원, 한국건설기술연구원 지반연구본부 수석연구원
4정회원, 가천대학교 토목환경공학과 조교수
*Corresponding Author
† 백동하, 유병수는 공동 제1저자로서 본 연구에 동등하게 기여하였음.
28 February 2026. pp. 125-136
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Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic response characteristics of trenchless tunnels in rock masses, considering soil–structure interaction, and develops probabilistic seismic fragility functions. Utilizing the nonlinear dynamic analysis program OpenSees, a two-dimensional numerical model was constructed to simulate the tunnel structure and surrounding rock. Geological conditions were classified into four cases based on rock stiffness: hard, soft, weathered, and fractured rock. A total of 120 ground motion scenarios were applied to evaluate the bending moment responses of the tunnel lining. The results demonstrate that the bending moments of the lining increase sharply as the rock stiffness decreases. Specifically, fractured rock (case 4) exhibits substantial seismic vulnerability, with structural responses exceeding the design flexural strength in 17 scenarios. The derived fragility functions indicate that tunnels in fractured zones have an approximately 35% probability of minor damage at a peak ground acceleration of 1.0 g. Accordingly, this study quantitatively evaluates the damage probability of vulnerable geological zones from a probabilistic perspective. The findings serve as a quantitative reference for establishing precise seismic designs and efficient reinforcement strategies for weak fractured rock zones.

Keywords
Nonlinear dynamic analysis
Seismic fragility function
Soil-structure interaction
Trenchless tunnel

본 연구에서는 지반-구조물 상호작용(SSI)을 고려하여 암반 지반에 위치한 비개착식 터널의 동적 거동 특성을 분석하고, 확률론적 기법을 통해 지진 취약도 함수를 개발하였다. 이를 위해 비선형 동적 해석 프로그램인 OpenSees를 활용하여 터널 구조물과 암반을 모사한 2차원 수치 해석 모델을 구축하였다. 지반 조건은 암반 강성에 따라 경암, 연암, 풍화암 및 파쇄대의 4가지 케이스로 분류하였으며, 총 120개의 지진파 시나리오를 적용하여 터널 라이닝의 모멘트 응답을 산출하였다. 해석 결과, 라이닝에 발생하는 휨모멘트는 지반 강성이 낮아질수록 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 파쇄대 지반(Case 4)의 경우, 강지진 시 17개 지진파 시나리오에서 설계 휨강도를 초과하는 응답이 나타나 타 암반 지층 대비 높은 지진 취약성을 나타냈다. 이를 토대로 도출된 파쇄대 지반에 대한 지진 취약도 함수에 따르면, 파쇄대 구간의 터널은 PGA 1.0g 수준에서 경미한 손상 발생 확률이 약 35%에 이르는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 제안한 지진 취약도 함수를 통해 파쇄대 지반의 손상 확률을 확률론적 관점에서 정량적으로 평가하였으며, 이는 상대적으로 연약한 파쇄대 구간에 대해 지반의 특성을 반영한 정밀한 내진 설계 및 보강 대책 수립을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 42
  • No :1
  • Pages :125-136
  • Received Date : 2026-01-23
  • Revised Date : 2026-02-19
  • Accepted Date : 2026-02-20
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2026.42.1.125
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