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2024 Vol.40, Issue 6 Preview Page
Estimation of Soil Depth Using Improved Topographic Attributes in Mountainous Area

개선된 지형학적 속성을 이용한 산악지역의 토심 예측

Hosung Shin1*
,
Eun-Seok Bang2
신 호성1*
,
방 은석2
1Member, Prof., Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engrg., University of Ulsan
2Member, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
1정회원, 울산대학교 건설환경공학부 교수
2정회원, 한국지질자원연구원 광물자원연구본부 책임연구원
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2024. pp. 125-137
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Abstract

Soil depth results from bedrock weathering, erosion, transport, and deposition are critical in landslide stability analysis and sediment-related disasters. This study proposes a soil depth prediction model for mountainous regions using multiple linear regression analysis based on topographic attributes. The specific catchment area (SCA), a key indicator in multiple regression models, was initially developed as a hydrological parameter for runoff estimation. However, for soil depth prediction, the initial triggering volume must be adjusted to account for slope failures based on the topographic slope. The SCA is calculated using the infinite flow direction model for flow tracing and the priority-flood algorithm for depression flattening. In addition, a modified contributing area equation is derived by incorporating slope-dependent initial triggering volume adjustments, thereby enabling the calculation of an improved SCA that is applicable to large mountainous regions. Analyses conducted in the Umyeonsan and Dongjak-gu areas of Seoul reveals that slope, topographic wetness index, and sediment transport index are suitable independent variables for soil depth prediction. The soil depth prediction equation derived from the multiple linear regression model exhibits no multicollinearity issues and demonstrates statistical significance. Residual analysis confirms that the assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity are satisfied. The proposed soil depth prediction method is expected to be systematically applied to various regions in South Korea, thereby contributing to the development of a nationwide soil depth distribution map and supporting practical solutions for various issues, e.g., slope stability assessments in mountainous areas.

Keywords
Improved SCA
Multiple regression model
Soil depth
Topographic attributes

토심은 모암의 풍화, 침식, 이동, 퇴적 과정에 의해 형성되며, 산사태 안정성 해석과 토사재해 규모 평가에 중요한 인자이다. 본 논문는 지형학적 속성을 기반으로 한 다중선형회귀 분석을 통하여 산악 지역의 토심 예측 모델을 제시하고자 한다. 다중회귀모델의 핵심 지표인 비집수면적은 원래 유출량 산정을 위해 개발된 수문학적 지표다. 토심 예측에서는 동일한 초기 유발량 대신, 경사에 따른 사면 붕괴로 인한 초기 유발량의 변화를 반영해야 한다. 비집수면적의 산정에서 흐름추적은 무한방향 흐름모델을 사용하고 지표면 함몰부 평탄화는 Priority-Flood 알고리즘을 활용하였다. 사면 경사를 반영한 초기 유발량 조정을 기반으로 개선된 상부사면 기여면적에 대한 방정식을 유도하였으며, 이를 통해 개선된 비집수면적을 산정하여 대규모 산악 지역에 적용 가능하도록 하였다. 서울특별시 우면산 일대와 동작구를 대상으로 한 분석 결과, 경사(θ), 지형습윤지수(TWI), 퇴적물 운반 지수(STI)가 토심 예측에 적합한 독립변수로 선정되었다. 다중선형 회귀모델로 도출한 토심 예측 방정식은 다중공선성 문제가 없으며 모델의 통계적 유의성을 확보한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 잔차 분석 결과는 정규성과 등분산성 가정을 모두 만족하였다. 본 연구의 토심 예측 기법은 국내 다양한 지역에 적용해 전국적 토심 분포도를 작성하고, 산악 지역 사면 안정성 평가 등 실무적 문제 해결에 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 40
  • No :6
  • Pages :125-137
  • Received Date : 2024-12-09
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2024.40.6.125
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